What are implicit waits and explicit waits in Selenium, and when should you use them?

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In Selenium, implicit and explicit waits are used to manage timing issues that occur when web elements take time to load or become interactive.

Implicit Wait:

Implicit wait tells Selenium to wait for a specified amount of time while trying to locate an element if it’s not immediately available. It is applied globally and affects all element lookups.

Use when: The elements generally load within a predictable timeframe. It's simple and useful for consistent delays.

Limitation: It may not be suitable when different elements have different loading times, and it does not handle conditions like visibility or clickability.

Explicit Wait:

Explicit wait allows you to wait for a specific condition to occur before proceeding, such as waiting for an element to become visible, clickable, or present.

Use when: You need precise control over wait conditions, especially when dealing with dynamic content that loads at different times.

Limitation: Requires more code and setup but offers more flexibility.

Best Practice:

Use explicit waits for dynamic and condition-based scenarios, and avoid over-reliance on implicit waits as they can lead to unpredictable behavior when mixed with explicit waits. Avoid using both together to prevent potential timing conflicts.

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